The What and Why of Research on Reinforcement

A Critical Study of the Views on the Why of Not Mentioning Uli `lamr as the Source of Conflict in the Verse 59 Nias

The present descriptive-analytic research has examined and interpreted the commentators' view on the why of not mentioning Uli `lamr as a source of conflict resolution in the verse 59 of Sura Nisa. In various respects, some have considered lack of innocence as the reason for not mentioning them as a source of dispute resolution, some view the people`s obligation in following the first part of t...

Using the Taxonomy and the Metrics: What to Study When and Why; Comment on “Metrics and Evaluation Tools for Patient Engagement in Healthcare Organization- and System-Level Decision-Making: A Systematic Review”

Dukhanin and colleagues’ taxonomy of metrics for patient engagement at the organizational and system levels has great potential for supporting more careful and useful evaluations of this ever-growing phenomenon. This commentary highlights the central importance to the taxonomy of metrics assessing the extent of meaningful participation in decision-making by patients, consumers and community mem...

Diffusion of Innovation in Mental Health Policy Adoption: What Should We Ask about the Quality of Policy and the Role of Stakeholders in this Process?; Comment on “Cross-National Diffusion of Mental Health Policy”

In his recent study, Gordon Shen analyses a pertinent question facing the global mental health research and practice community today; that of how and why mental health policy is or is not adopted by national governments. This study identifies becoming a World Health Organization (WHO) member nation, and being in regional proximity to countries which have adopted a mental health policy as suppor...

The Why, Who, What, How, and When of Patient Engagement in Healthcare Organizations: A Response to Recent Commentaries

Aging, Pensions and Long-term Care: What, Why, Who, How?; Comment on “Financing Long-term Care: Lessons From Japan”

Japan has been aging faster than other industrialized nations, and its experience offers useful lessons to others. Japan has been willing to expand its welfare state with a long-term care (LTC) insurance to finance home care and nursing home care for frail elderly. As Ikegami shows, it created new facilities and expanded specialized staffing for home care, developed a c...

Understanding Personal Practical Knowledge; From what teachers must know to what teachers already know

The purpose of this study is understanding the Personal Practical Knowledge (PPK) of teachers which has been done through qualitative method. Understanding PPK helps us to understand why teachers act in a specific way. In this regards, reflecting on their personal and professional narratives also help to improve their practice. This study was conducted along with 13 teachers in a non-profit pri...